The science of hunger explained

What happens in my body when I feel hungry?

14 Reasons Why You're Always Hungry

Never be hungry again: 30 ways to feel fuller for longer

Weight loss: Feel full on fewer calories

A little bit of water satiated my thirst.

The consensus of the team was to go ahead with the project.

We could not reach a real consensus because the issue was so sticky.

The politicians locked horns over plans for the road development plans.

People tend to lock horns over the tiniest things if they are emotionally charged.

In your own words, please briefly summarize the article.

Describe the texture, taste, and smell of your favorite and least favorite food.

Describe the role of ghrelin and dopamine in your own words. 

Have you ever wondered what motivates you to eat? What more would you like to learn about the science of food consumption and why?

Have you ever felt your appetite fluctuate depending on your mood? Describe your experience.

What do you usually eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner? Would you like to see any changes to the typical routine?

Do we eat to live or live to eat? What about you: do you eat to live or live to eat?

If you have a question or questions that you'd like to discuss during your class, please write them down.

What motivates us to eat

Miam Miam!

우리가 음식을 먹는 이유는 무엇일까요?

<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Food is necessary. More specifically, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins fuel our movements and are the building blocks of every molecule in our body. <b id="docs-internal-guid-7f6f1c4f-7fff-f818-5969-f52e42eac385" style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The energy to kick a soccer ball or flip the pages of a comic book comes from the nutrients we consume. And thankfully, most of us don’t have to use great<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">willpower<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">to reach for that slice of pizza on the dinner table. That said, why do we want to eat food? A simple answer might be: because we enjoy the sensation of chewing, of swallowing, of warm <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">satiation [1]<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">. But why do we enjoy these sensations? <b style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">There is an explanation. Of course, even academic researchers haven’t learned every little detail about the science behind food consumption. Adding to the uncertainty, there is no one <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">consensus [2]<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> as to why we are drawn to certain foods. Some people in the field<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> lock their horns with<span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">[3] <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">each other to argue that their explanations are better. <b style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">But we can identify two substances that are involved in the process of food consumption: the hunger hormone and dopamine. <b style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">When your nervous system detects an empty stomach, the hormone ghrelin, or the hunger hormone, is released and low blood sugar level is detected. These conditions then send signals to the brain that you are hungry, which then motivates you to look for something to eat. <b style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">At the same time, eating increases dopamine, a hormone that makes us feel happy. Dopamine is released when food, especially high in fat and sugar, is detected in our mouth and once again when it reaches our stomach. Dopamine can not only give us joy but also increase our appetite. <b style="caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: normal;"> <span style="12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">Having learned what makes us want to eat, next time you encounter a piece of cake, try to observe yourself, especially your physiological and emotional reactions. Carefully examine what you feel when you have a mouthful of silky, whipped cake frosting in your mouth. Mmmm ... That’s the sound of your dopamine level going up!

음식은 필수적인 것입니다. 좀 더 구체적으로 말하면 탄수화물과 지방, 단백질은 운동에 필요한 에너지를 공급하고 사람 몸의 모든 분자를 구성하는 기본단위입니다. <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">축구공을 발로 차거나 만화책 페이지를 넘기는 에너지는 우리가 섭취하는 영양소에서 옵니다. 그리고 다행히도 대부분의 우리들은 저녁 식탁 위에 놓인 피자 조각을 집어먹는 데 엄청난 의지력을 사용하지 않아도 됩니다. 자 그렇다면 우리는 왜 음식을 먹고 싶어할까요? 대답은 간단합니다: 아마도 우리가 씹고 삼키는 감각과 포만감을 즐기기 때문일 것입니다. 하지만 우리는 왜 이런 감각을 즐기는 것일까요?<span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">한가지 설명이 있습니다. 물론 학계 연구자들도 음식 섭취에 숨어 있는 과학에 대한 모든 세부사항을 알고 있지는 않습니다. 그런 불확실함에 더해서, 우리가 왜 특정 음식에 더 끌리는지에 대해서는 일치된 의견이 없습니다. 그 분야에 종사하는 사람들은 자신들의 설명이 더 낫다고 주장하면서 한치의 양보도 없이 논쟁을 벌이고 있습니다.<span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">그러나 우리는 음식 섭취 과정에 관여하는 두 가지 물질을 확인할 수 있는데 그것은 바로 공복 호르몬과 도파민입니다.<span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">당신의 신경계가 위장이 비었다는 것을 감지하면, 그렐린, 즉 공복 호르몬이 분비되고 저혈당이 감지됩니다. 이러한 상태는 뇌에 배가 고프다는 신호를 전달하게 되는데 그러면 뇌는 여러분이 먹을것을 찾도록 만듭니다.<span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">이와 동시에 음식을 먹으면 도파민이 증가되는데, 이것은 기분을 좋게 만드는 호르몬입니다. 도파민은 특히 지방과 당분이 높은 음식이 우리 입안에 들어올 때 분비되고 음식이 위에 도달하면 다시 한번 더 분비됩니다. 도파민은 우리에게 즐거움을 줄 뿐만 아니라 식욕도 증가시킵니다.<span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"> <span style="12pt; Nanum Myeongjo", serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 400; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">무엇이 음식을 먹고 싶게 만드는 것이 이제 알았으니, 다음에 여러분이 케익 한 조각을 마주하게 된다면 여러분 자신을, 특히 자신의 생리적, 감정적인 반응을 잘 관찰해보세요. 실크처럼 부드러운 케익의 휘핑크림이 입안에 가득할 때 여러분의 느낌은 어떤지  살펴보시기 바랍니다. 으음… 그건 당신의 도파민 수치가 올라가는 소리입니다.