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#Case Study
[Long] Liquid Death
A $1.4 billion water brand
Updated: 2024.04.02
5 min read · Advanced
material_image
[Long] Liquid Death

Picture this: A jacked, can-headed cartoon monster wielding an ax. Black leather tights, studded wrist cuffs, a belt adorned with a skeleton head, and a pair of eyes placed on the monster’s bare, heavily built chest. The monster goes around beheading people, slicing their body parts and shoving a head into a blender. After his car runs over a heavy metal band, blood and unspeakable objects spewing everywhere, the cartoon cuts to a serene scene in sharp relief; a canned beverage is placed against a white background with classical music playing in the back. The caption says, “Murder Your Thirst.”

This gory cartoon is a commercial for Liquid Death, titled “Hey Kids, Murder Your Thirst,” which captures the company’s branding. Liquid Death, a company valued at $1.4 billion and backed by deep-pocketed investors, including Live Nation Entertainment, Science Ventures, and celebrities, plays on emo themes and dark humor to capture its audience. Given the aluminum can packaging (aka tallboy cans) and the heavy metal allusions, one would think the beverage is an energy drink or beer. Many people have made this mistake and had to do a double-take. Liquid Death is canned water.

The idea of selling water in a beer can for a premium sounds absurd in theory. But Liquid Death has experienced exponential [1] growth since it sold its first can in 2019. According to Mike Cessario, the company’s founder and CEO, the brand is carried in more than 113,000 locations across the US and the UK and reached $263 million in global sales in 2023, showing off a “triple-digit” growth for the third consecutive year. Investor Mark Rampolla told Forbes, “What we liked from the beginning: the data on Whole Foods and 7-Eleven. I’ve never seen a brand perform equally well in both of those chains out of the gate. It’s abnormal. I can’t think of another brand I’ve ever seen [do that].”

Liquid Death owes its success to unconventional marketing. It made water and hydration cool by branding itself emo and heavy metal. The first thing that comes to mind when you see the aluminum can of Liquid Death is alcohol, energy drink, and partying, pure water being the least likely to land on the list. The company knows this and plays off of this perception. In one of its commercials, you can see children chugging Liquid Death as if they are partying. Moreover, since aluminum cans are more readily recyclable (and recycled) than plastic bottles, Liquid Death promotes “#DeathToPlastic” and is popular among Whole Foods shoppers.

Cessario says his mission is to “make people laugh.” He doesn’t pretend his water is better than other waters in terms of taste; he fully admits and is proud of the fact that his success relies on marketing. In an interview with CNBC, he said he asked himself what the dumbest thing he could do with water to create something new; the purpose of this question was to produce an answer that would lead to an irresistible product—a product customers couldn’t refuse because it was so funny, preposterous [2], and out-of-the-ordinary.

That said, Liquid Death has a cost problem. Despite being an Amazon top-seller, the company has been struggling to keep the cost down, and if left unaddressed, this problem could doom the business. A Forbes article published in April 2023 says: “Soaring ocean freight costs hammered [3] Liquid Death in 2022, accounting for 47% of expenses … Liquid Death hopes to bring that down to 21% this year, and projects that the company will be profitable by 2024, or when ocean freight is supposed to be entirely eliminated.” To tackle the high-cost problem, Cessario has announced that he would be moving production from Europe to several contract facilities around the US.

An observation by Robert Brown, cofounder of Encore Consumer Capital who gave a pass when pitched by Liquid Death for investment, neatly sums up the cost problem: “It’s an unbelievable marketing success that has come at an incredible cost.” Others believe the company tapped into [4] the Zeitgeist and that there are plenty of gold coins to be mined.

[긴 지문] “리퀴드 데스”

머릿속에 이걸 그려보세요: 잔뜩 흥분한 깡통 머리의 만화 괴물이 도끼를 휘두르고 있습니다. 검은색 가죽 타이츠, 뾰족한 금속 징이 박힌 손목 커프스, 해골 머리 장식 벨트, 그리고 괴물의 드러난 근육질 가슴에 달린 두 눈. 이 괴물은 사람들의 머리를 자르고 신체 부위를 자르고 머리를 믹서에 밀어 넣으며 돌아다닙니다. 그의 차가 헤비메탈 밴드를 치고 지나 피와 형언할 수 없는 물체들이 사방으로 뿜어져 나온 후, 만화는 선명한 대비를 이루는 고요한 장면으로 전환됩니다. 클래식 음악이 흐르고 흰색 배경에 캔 음료가 하나 놓여 있습니다. 캡션에는 이렇게 적혀 있습니다. "네 갈증을 없애버려."

이 잔혹한 피투성이 만화는 "얘! 네 갈증을 없애버려"라는 제목의 “리퀴드 데스”의 광고로 회사의 브랜딩을 잘 표현하고 있습니다. 기업 가치가 14억 달러에 달하고 라이브 네이션 엔터테인먼트, 사이언스 벤처스 그리고 유명 연예인 등 큰돈을 가진 투자자들의 지원을 받고 있는 리퀴드 데스는 이모(자조적, 감정적 가사를 주로 한, 펑크록에서 파생된 음악 장르*) 주제와 다크유머로 시청자를 사로잡고 있습니다. 알루미늄 캔 포장(일명 톨보이 캔)과 헤비메탈을 떠올리게 하는 요소를 보면 이 음료가 에너지 드링크나 맥주라고 생각할 수 있습니다. 많은 사람들이 이런 실수를 저지르고 깜짝 놀라 다시 확인해야 했습니다. 리퀴드 데스는 캔에 담 생수거든요.

맥주 캔에 담긴 물을 높은 가격에 판매한다는 아이디어는 이론적으로는 터무니없는 것처럼 들립니다. 하지만 리퀴드 데스는 2019년에 첫 캔을 판매한 이후 기하급수적인 성장을 기록하고 있습니다. 이 회사의 설립자이자 CEO인 마이크 세사리오에 따르면, 이 브랜드는 미국과 영국의 11만 3천 개가 넘는 매장에서 판매되고 있으며, 2023년에는 3개년 연속 “세자리 수” 성장을 자랑하며 2억 6천 3백만 달러의 판매를 달성했습니다. 투자자 마크 램폴라는 포브스와의 인터뷰에서 "처음부터 마음에 들었던 것은 홀푸드와 세븐일레븐의 데이터였습니다. 두 체인점 모두에서 처음부터 똑같이 좋은 성과를 거둔 브랜드는 본 적이 없습니다. 비정상입니다. 다른 어떤 브랜드도 이런 성과를 거둔 적이 없습니다." 라고 말했습니다.

리퀴드 데스의 성공은 파격적인 마케팅 덕분입니다. 이모와 헤비메탈을 이용한 브랜딩으로 물과 물 마시는 것을 쿨한 것으로 만들었습니다. 리퀴드 데스의 알루미늄 캔을 보면 술, 에너지 드링크, 파티가 가장 먼저 떠오를 뿐 순수한 물은 그 리스트에 포함될 가능성이 거의 없습니다. 이 회사는 이를 잘 알고 이런 인식을 활용합니다. 어느 광고에서는 아이들이 마치 파티를 하는 것처럼 리퀴드 데스를 마시는 모습을 볼 수 있습니다. 게다가 알루미늄 캔은 플라스틱 병보다 쉽게 재활용할 수 있고 재활용되기 때문에 리퀴드 데스는"플라스틱을 끝내자"라는 해시태그(#DeathToPlastic)를 내세우며 홀푸드 쇼핑객들 사이에서 인기가 높습니다.

세사리오는 자신의 사명이 "사람들을 웃게 만드는 것"이라고 말합니다. 그는 자신의 생수가 다른 생수보다 맛이 더 나은 듯이 가장하지 않습니다. 그는 자신의 성공이 마케팅에 의존한다는 사실을 전적으로 인정하고 자랑스러워합니다. CNBC와의 인터뷰에서 그는 물을 가지고 새로운 무언가를 만들기 위해 할 수 있는 가장 멍청한 일이 무엇인지 자기자신에게 물었고, 이 질문의 목적은 고객이 거부할 수 없는 제품, 즉 너무 재미있고 터무니없고 평범하지 않아서 거부할 수 없는 제품으로 이어지는 답을 얻기 위해서였다고 말했습니다.

하지만 리퀴드 데스에는 비용 문제가 있습니다. 아마존에서 잘 팔리는 상품에 속해 있음에도 불구하고 이 회사는 비용을 낮추기 위해 고생하고 있습니다. 이 문제가 해결되지 않으면 비즈니스 모델이 망가질 수도 있습니다. 2023년 4월에 발표된 포브스 기사에 따르면 "치솟는 해상 운송비는 2022년에 리퀴드 데스를 강타하여 전체 지출의 47퍼센트를 차지했다... 리퀴드 데스는 올해 이 비용을 21퍼센트까지 낮추기를 희망하며, 해상 운송이 완전히 없어질 2024년까지는 이익을 낼 수 있을 것으로 예상하고 있다"고 합니다. 세사리오는 고비용 문제를 해결하기 위해 생산을 유럽에서 미국 전역의 몇 군데 계약 시설로 이전할 것이라고 발표했습니다.

리퀴드 데스의 투자 홍보를 보고 투자를 결정한 앙코르 컨슈머 캐피탈의 공동 설립자 로버트 브라운은 "엄청난 돈을 들인 믿을 수 없는 마케팅 성공사례”라는 말로 비용 문제를 깔끔히 요약했습니다. 다른 사람들은 이 회사가 시대정신을 잘 활용했으며 아직도 캐낼 금화가 많다고 믿고 있습니다.

Discussion Questions
Q1
In your own words, please briefly summarize the article.
여러분의 언어로 교재를 간단히 요약해 주세요.
Q2
What part of the reading resonated with you most?
이번 교재에서 가장 공감하는 내용은 무엇인가요?
Q3
What do you think of the name “Liquid Death?”
"리퀴드 데스(액체 죽음)"이라는 이름에 대해 어떻게 생각하시나요?
Q4
Do you believe the use of dark humor and emo themes in marketing water is ethical? Why or why not?
생수 마케팅에 어두운 유머와 이모티콘 테마를 사용하는 것이 윤리적이라고 생각하시나요? 왜 그렇거나 왜 그렇지 않나요?
Q5
Liquid Death's success heavily relies on unconventional marketing. Can you think of other examples where unconventional marketing strategies have led to success for a product or brand?
리퀴드 데스의 성공은 파격적인 마케팅에 크게 의존하고 있습니다. 색다른 마케팅 전략이 제품이나 브랜드의 성공을 이끈 다른 사례를 생각해 볼 수 있나요?
Q6
Considering Liquid Death's rapid growth and valuation, do you think the company represents a unique trend in consumer behavior, or is it an outlier in the beverage industry?
리퀴드 데스의 빠른 성장과 기업 가치를 고려할 때, 이 회사가 소비자 행동의 독특한 트렌드를 대표한다고 생각하시나요, 아니면 음료 업계에서 이례적인 기업이라고 생각하시나요?
Q7
How do you predict the beverage market might evolve in response to innovative brands like Liquid Death challenging traditional norms and expectations?
기존의 규범과 기대에 도전하는 리퀴드 데스와 같은 혁신적인 브랜드에 대응하여 음료 시장이 어떻게 진화할 것으로 예상하시나요?
Q8
If you have a question or questions that you'd like to discuss during your class, please write them down.
궁금한 점이 있거나 수업 중에 얘기해 보고 싶은 질문이 있으면 적어주세요.
Expressions
exponential
(of something increasing) rapidly
Ví dụ
1

The population growth in the city is experiencing exponential growth due to increased job opportunities.

Ví dụ
2

With the advancement of technology, we've seen an exponential increase in data usage.

preposterous
contrary to reason or common sense; utterly absurd or ridiculous
Ví dụ
1

It's preposterous to think that a single person could lift a car by themselves.

Ví dụ
2

The proposal to build a bridge to the moon is preposterous and impractical.

hammer
to strike or beat repeatedly with a hammer or similar object
Ví dụ
1

The storm hammered the coast, causing significant damage to homes and infrastructure.

Ví dụ
2

The boxer hammered his opponent with a series of powerful punches.

tap into
to access a resource or reserve for use or exploitation
Ví dụ
1

The company aims to tap into new markets with its innovative product line.

Ví dụ
2

As an artist, she has a unique ability to tap into her emotions to create powerful artworks.

본 교재는 당사 편집진이 제작하는 링글의 자산으로 저작권법에 의해 보호됩니다. 링글 플랫폼 외에서 자료를 활용하시는 경우 당사와 사전 협의가 필요합니다.

Picture this: A jacked, can-headed cartoon monster wielding an ax. Black leather tights, studded wrist cuffs, a belt adorned with a skeleton head, and a pair of eyes placed on the monster’s bare, heavily built chest. The monster goes around beheading people, slicing their body parts and shoving a head into a blender. After his car runs over a heavy metal band, blood and unspeakable objects spewing everywhere, the cartoon cuts to a serene scene in sharp relief; a canned beverage is placed against a white background with classical music playing in the back. The caption says, “Murder Your Thirst.”

This gory cartoon is a commercial for Liquid Death, titled “Hey Kids, Murder Your Thirst,” which captures the company’s branding. Liquid Death, a company valued at $1.4 billion and backed by deep-pocketed investors, including Live Nation Entertainment, Science Ventures, and celebrities, plays on emo themes and dark humor to capture its audience. Given the aluminum can packaging (aka tallboy cans) and the heavy metal allusions, one would think the beverage is an energy drink or beer. Many people have made this mistake and had to do a double-take. Liquid Death is canned water.

The idea of selling water in a beer can for a premium sounds absurd in theory. But Liquid Death has experienced exponential [1] growth since it sold its first can in 2019. According to Mike Cessario, the company’s founder and CEO, the brand is carried in more than 113,000 locations across the US and the UK and reached $263 million in global sales in 2023, showing off a “triple-digit” growth for the third consecutive year. Investor Mark Rampolla told Forbes, “What we liked from the beginning: the data on Whole Foods and 7-Eleven. I’ve never seen a brand perform equally well in both of those chains out of the gate. It’s abnormal. I can’t think of another brand I’ve ever seen [do that].”

Liquid Death owes its success to unconventional marketing. It made water and hydration cool by branding itself emo and heavy metal. The first thing that comes to mind when you see the aluminum can of Liquid Death is alcohol, energy drink, and partying, pure water being the least likely to land on the list. The company knows this and plays off of this perception. In one of its commercials, you can see children chugging Liquid Death as if they are partying. Moreover, since aluminum cans are more readily recyclable (and recycled) than plastic bottles, Liquid Death promotes “#DeathToPlastic” and is popular among Whole Foods shoppers.

Cessario says his mission is to “make people laugh.” He doesn’t pretend his water is better than other waters in terms of taste; he fully admits and is proud of the fact that his success relies on marketing. In an interview with CNBC, he said he asked himself what the dumbest thing he could do with water to create something new; the purpose of this question was to produce an answer that would lead to an irresistible product—a product customers couldn’t refuse because it was so funny, preposterous [2], and out-of-the-ordinary.

That said, Liquid Death has a cost problem. Despite being an Amazon top-seller, the company has been struggling to keep the cost down, and if left unaddressed, this problem could doom the business. A Forbes article published in April 2023 says: “Soaring ocean freight costs hammered [3] Liquid Death in 2022, accounting for 47% of expenses … Liquid Death hopes to bring that down to 21% this year, and projects that the company will be profitable by 2024, or when ocean freight is supposed to be entirely eliminated.” To tackle the high-cost problem, Cessario has announced that he would be moving production from Europe to several contract facilities around the US.

An observation by Robert Brown, cofounder of Encore Consumer Capital who gave a pass when pitched by Liquid Death for investment, neatly sums up the cost problem: “It’s an unbelievable marketing success that has come at an incredible cost.” Others believe the company tapped into [4] the Zeitgeist and that there are plenty of gold coins to be mined.

*This material is designed for the exclusive use of Ringle students on the Ringle platform.